At least nineteen and perhaps more Democratic-held congressional districts could shift to Republican control depending on the outcome of a major redistricting case being reargued before the Supreme Court on Wednesday.

The case, Louisiana v. Callais, examines whether the state’s move to create a second majority-black congressional district violates the Fourteenth or Fifteenth Amendments. The Fourteenth Amendment guarantees equal protection under the law and birthright citizenship, while the Fifteenth prohibits denying the right to vote on the basis of race.

Attorneys for the state argued on Wednesday the legislature was essentially given the choice – either create the second black-majority congressional district or the Justice Dept. would step in and do it.

The Court’s ruling could have sweeping implications for congressional maps nationwide, potentially reshaping the balance of power in the House of Representatives ahead of the 2026 midterm elections, Newsweek reported.

Louisiana’s congressional map was redrawn to include a second Black-majority district following lawsuits that claimed the previous map violated Section 2 of the Voting Rights Act by weakening the voting strength of black residents.

Phillip Callais and a group of non-black voters challenged the revised map, contending that it amounted to an unconstitutional racial gerrymander.

The Supreme Court’s decision in the case is expected to have major implications for how legislatures across the country apply Section 2 of the Voting Rights Act, which prohibits redistricting plans that diminish minority voting power.

While the outcome remains uncertain, Democrats are expressing concern that the Supreme Court’s 6-3 conservative majority could side with Callais’ argument.

According to a report by the left-leaning nonprofits Fair Fight Action and the Black Voters Matter Fund, a ruling in favor of Callais could result in the redrawing of 19 Democratic-held congressional districts currently protected under the Voting Rights Act, potentially shifting them to favor Republican candidates.

President Donald Trump has signaled his intent to preserve Republican control of the House in the 2026 midterm elections and has indicated a willingness to urge state officials to pursue out-of-cycle redistricting efforts to help achieve that objective.

The following districts could be subject to redrawing if the Supreme Court moves to limit or overturn Section 2 of the Voting Rights Act.

Alabama’s 2nd Congressional District, which includes the city of Mobile and most of the Montgomery metropolitan area, is represented by Democrat Shomari Figures. A former attorney, Figures previously worked on Barack Obama’s presidential campaign and later served as deputy chief of staff to former Attorney General Merrick Garland.

Black residents make up nearly 50 percent of the district’s estimated 703,362 population, forming a plurality, while white residents account for about 41 percent. The district has been held by a Democrat since January 2025, following its redrawing in 2024.

Alabama’s 7th Congressional District includes parts of the Birmingham, Montgomery, and Tuscaloosa metropolitan areas, along with the entire city of Selma. Representative Terri Sewell, a Democrat, has served the district since 2011.

Of the district’s estimated 718,912 residents, more than 51 percent are Black and nearly 39 percent are white. The district has remained under Democratic representation since 1967, with no Republican having held the seat in nearly six decades.

Louisiana’s 2nd Congressional District encompasses nearly all of New Orleans and stretches north toward Baton Rouge. Although it is currently considered safely Democratic, redistricting could turn the district into a competitive battleground.

Representative Troy Carter has held the seat since 2021. Before his election to Congress, Carter served as minority leader in the Louisiana State Senate and previously held positions on the New Orleans City Council and in the Louisiana House of Representatives.

The district’s estimated population of 736,254 is nearly 50 percent Black and about 33 percent white. A Republican last represented the district in 2011.

At the center of the Supreme Court case, Louisiana’s newly drawn 6th Congressional District spans from Shreveport in the northwest to areas near Baton Rouge in the southwest, Newsweek reported.

Representative Cleo Fields currently holds the seat, having previously served in Congress representing the 4th District from 1993 to 1997.

Black residents make up about 52 percent of the district’s estimated 753,643 population, while nearly 36 percent are white. The district was represented by a Republican as recently as January 2025.